Plot[]
Full Bird Colonel Walter E. Kurtz is a well experienced Army Veteran and main antagonist of Apocalypse Now. Kurtz first joined the 406th Battalion, 155th Battalion, 25th Infantry Division, 4th Infantry Division, 1st Infantry Division, 82nd Airborne and 101st Airborne in Korea. He went to West Point after fighting through the ranks. He served 6 years in North Korea. He then served three years at a United States Army airfield in the Philippines and one year in South Korea, until he was sent as an Advisor in North Vietnam to fight the NVA. He then was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel and fought his way to Full Bird Colonel. He then joined the CIA as a high officer and Black Ops operative. He was given trouble after he killed three people because he believed they were VC spies that turned out to be C.I.A agents. He escaped into the jungle of North Vietnam. Eventually the US Military sends Benjamin Willard to kill him. He also has three Silver Stars, two Bronze Star, purple heart, Defense Superiority Medal, Army Distinguished service medal, P.O.W award, Korean war veteran award, West Point Graduation award and Congressional Medal of Honor.
colonel kurtz represents the frustrated soldier.The soldier who has learned from trauma,hurt from bloody methods and a man who simply wants to win the war...but at the heart of it,i think he simply wants to win himself.Hence,the God-like representation of him.
Colonel kurtz symbolizes the informed,educated,experienced inner conscience of a desperate man who would go to the extreme just to win.But kurtz has a different definition of winning,it’s simply spiritual.hence the tribal ritual shit
i think willard and kurtz are one and the same.both have reached their breaking point but willard did not let the darkness of his breaking point consume it.i think the last scene of the film where willard stands before the tribe is one of the strongest scenes of the film where it represents willard’s temptation and choice to follow kurtz footsteps.but he didnt
Fictional biography[]
Walter Kurtz was a career officer in the United States Army; he was a third-generation West Point graduate who had risen through the ranks and was seen to be destined for a top post within the Pentagon. A dossier read by the narrator, Captain Willard, implies that Kurtz saw action in the Korean War after receiving a master's degree in history from Harvard University. He later graduated from the US Army Airborne School. In 1964, the Joint Chiefs of Staff sent Kurtz to Vietnam to compile a report on the failings of the current military policies. His overtly critical report, dated March 3, 1964, was not what was expected and was immediately restricted for the Joint Chiefs and President Lyndon B. Johnson only.
On May 11, August 28, and September 23, 1964, 38-year-old Kurtz applied for Special Forces, which was denied out of hand because his age was too advanced for Special Forces training. Kurtz continued with his ambition and even threatened to quit the armed forces, when finally his wish was granted and he was allowed to take the airborne course. Kurtz graduated in a class where he was nearly twice the age of the other trainees and was accepted into the Special Forces Training, and eventually into the 5th Special Forces Group.
Kurtz returned to Vietnam in 1966 with the Green Berets and was part of the hearts and minds campaign, which also included fortifying hamlets. On his next tour, Kurtz was assigned to Project GAMMA, in which he was to raise an army of Montagnards in and around the Vietnamese–Cambodian border to strike at the Viet Cong (VC) and North Vietnamese Army (NVA). Kurtz located his army, including their wives and children, at a remote abandoned Cambodian temple which Kurtz's team fortified. From their base, Kurtz led attacks on the local VC and the regular NVA in the region.
Kurtz employed barbaric methods not only to defeat his enemy but also to send fear. At first Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV) did not object to Kurtz's tactics, especially as they proved successful. This soon changed when Kurtz allowed photographs of his atrocities to be released to the world.
In late 1967, after Kurtz failed to respond to MACV's repeated orders to return to Da Nang and resign his command after he ordered the summary execution of four South Vietnamese intelligence agents whom he suspected of being double agents for the Viet Cong, the MACV sent a Green Beret Captain named Richard Colby to bring Kurtz back from Cambodia. Either because he was brainwashed or because he felt a sympathy towards Kurtz's cause, Colby joined up with Kurtz instead of bringing him back to Da Nang.
With Colby's failure, MACV then selected Captain Benjamin L. Willard, a paratrooper and Army intelligence officer, to journey up the Nung river and kill Kurtz. Willard succeeded in his mission only because Kurtz, himself broken mentally by the savage war he had waged, wanted Willard to kill him and release him from his own suffering. Kurtz also murdered Jay "Chef" Hicks by severing his head. Before Willard killed him, Kurtz asked Willard to find Kurtz's wife and son, and explain truthfully to them what he had done in the war.
Personality[]
Well, you see Willard, in this war, things get confused out there: power, ideals, the old morality, practical military necessity. But out there with these natives, it must be a temptation to be god, because there's a conflict in every human heart, between the rational and the irrational, between good and evil, and good does not always triumph. Sometimes, the dark side overcomes what Lincoln called the better angels of our nature. Every man has got a breaking point. You and I have one. Walter Kurtz has reached his, and very obviously, he has gone insane... — Lt. Gen. Corman describing Kurtz to Willard, Apocalypse Now (1979)
Ever since he was in the US Army, Kurtz was always a patriotic soldier for his nation, thinking on how to achieve victory in the Vietnam War by any kind of means. Seemingly a kindhearted man, Kurtz eventually reached his "breaking point" according to Gen. Corman's words. This point led him to betray the US Army following his dismissal, yet, he was a career soldier, fully serving his nation in any means. However, his breaking point led him to become a bitter, psychotic, sinister and manipulative individual, aiming to use his "unsound" methods to make sure his nation would win the war, even though he was using those methods to brutally torture Vietnamese people, nearly to death, yet, he was not a sadist but a confident individual, using his boldness to ensure USA's triumph. General Corman describes Kurtz to have originally been a good man, the kind of person who is filled with rational thought including the capability of seeing the difference between good and evil.
Often ruthless, Kurtz has an extremely complex personality, to the point of being unpredictable. When he rose to power as the "God-King" of the Montagnards, Kurtz was treated like a Deity, using his extensive military training to form an army of followers and soldiers around him, eventually becoming a philosopher of war, reading poetry and quotes from the Holy Bible, leading him to be seen as truly insane.
The photojournalist "Jack" is the first American to meet Kurtz after his transformation into a crazed megalomaniac, yet he describes him as a great man, and, as a man who reads poetry "out loud". His ruthless nature can be seen in photos presented to Willard, in which Kurtz had used his own men to kill or torture Vietnamese people, however, his truly ruthless nature comes to light when he tortures Willard physically by capturing him at a bamboo-like prison booth, as well as mentally by showing him the severed head of his friend Chef, whom he had killed.
Inspiration[]
See also: Project GAMMA Colonel Kurtz is based on the character of a 19th-century ivory trader, also called Kurtz, from the novella Heart of Darkness (1899) by Joseph Conrad.
The movie's Kurtz is widely believed to have been modeled after Tony Poe, a highly decorated and highly unorthodox Vietnam War-era paramilitary officer from the CIA's Special Activities Division. Poe was known to drop severed heads into enemy-controlled villages as a form of psychological warfare and to use human ears to record the number of enemies his indigenous troops had killed. He would send these ears back to his superiors as proof of his efforts deep inside Laos.
However, Coppola denies that Poe was a primary influence. He maintains the character was loosely based on Special Forces Colonel Robert B. Rheault, whose 1969 arrest for the murder of a suspected double agent generated substantial news coverage.